Psychotropic medication use, lifestyle, genetic risk for high BMI and the incidence of cardiovascular disease – Nature Mental Health

Custom analysis code for this study is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18504977 ref. ⁴¹. Access to UKB data (application 54176) is required to run the code; data are available to approved researchers via UKB (http://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/register-apply/).

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Author notes

1. These authors contributed equally: Nini de Boer, Iris Hanskamp, Bochao Danae Lin.

Authors and Affiliations

1. Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

   Nini de Boer, Iris Hanskamp, Bochao Danae Lin, Liese Boonstra, Marte van der Horst & Wiepke Cahn

2. Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

   Iris Hanskamp

3. Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands

   Bochao Danae Lin & Kristel van Eijk

4. Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands

   Bochao Danae Lin, Sinan Guloksuz & Jurjen J. Luykx

5. Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

   Liese Boonstra

6. GGNet Mental Health, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands

   Marte van der Horst

7. Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

   Marco P. Boks, Wouter J. Peyrot, Thomas Goldschmidt, Christiaan H. Vinkers & Jurjen J. Luykx

8. Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

   Wouter J. Peyrot & Christiaan H. Vinkers

9. Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

   Jos Twisk

10. GGZinGeest Mental Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Thomas Goldschmidt, Christiaan H. Vinkers & Jurjen J. Luykx

11. Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Hanno Pijl

12. Amsterdam Neuroscience (Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep Program) and Amsterdam Public Health (Mental Health Program) Research Institutes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Christiaan H. Vinkers & Jurjen J. Luykx

13. Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Christiaan H. Vinkers

14. Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA

    Christoph U. Correll

15. Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA

    Christoph U. Correll

16. Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, USA

    Christoph U. Correll

17. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Christoph U. Correll

18. German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Berlin, Germany

    Christoph U. Correll

19. University Psychiatric Centre, KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium

    Marc De Hert

20. Department of Neurosciences, Centre for Clinical Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Marc De Hert

21. Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Marc De Hert

22. Antwerp Health Law and Ethics Chair, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

    Marc De Hert

23. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Sinan Guloksuz

24. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Sinan Guloksuz

25. Institute of Mental Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Sinan Guloksuz

26. Division of Medical Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada

    Sinan Guloksuz

27. Altrecht Mental Health, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Wiepke Cahn

Contributions

Study concept and design: N.d.B., W.C., J.J.L., I.H., S.G. Acquisition, analysis or interpretation of data: N.d.B., I.H., B.D.L., L.B., M.v.d.H., K.v.E., M.P.B., W.P., J.T., T.G., H.P., C.H.V., C.U.C., M.D.H., S.G., W.C., J.J.L. Statistical analysis: B.D.L., I.H., L.B., N.d.B., J.J.L., W.P., T.G., J.T. Drafting of the manuscript: N.d.B., W.C., I.H., B.D.L., J.J.L., S.G. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: N.d.B., B.D.L., L.B., I.H., W.P., T.G., J.J.L., W.C., S.G., M.P.B., M.v.d.H., K.v.E., H.P., C.H.V., C.U.C., M.D.H. Study supervision: J.J.L., S.G., W.C. Data access and integrity: J.J.L., N.d.B., I.H., B.D.L., L.B. had full access to all data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the data analysis.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Nini de Boer or Jurjen J. Luykx.

Competing interests

C.U.C. has been a consultant and/or advisor to or has received honoraria from AbbVie, Alkermes, Allergan, Angelini, Aristo, Autobahn, Axsome, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Cardio Diagnostics, Cerevel, CNX Therapeutics, Compass Pathways, Darnitsa, Delpor, Denovo, Draig, Eli Lilly, EuMentis Therapeutics, Gedeon Richter, GH Research, Hetero, Hikma, Holmusk, Intra-Cellular Therapies, Jamjoom Pharma, Janssen/J&J, Karuna, LB Pharma, Lundbeck, MedinCell, MedLink Global, Merck, Mindpax, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharmaceuticals, MapLight, Mylan, Neumora Therapeutics, Neuraxpharm, Neurocrine, Neurelis, Neurosterix, NeuShen, Neusignal Therapeutics, Newron, Noven, Novo Nordisk, Orion Pharma, Otsuka, PPD Biotech, Recognify Life Sciences, Recordati, Relmada, Response Pharmaceuticals, Reviva, ROVI, Saladax, Sanofi, Seqirus, Servier, Sumitomo Pharma America, Sunovion, Sun Pharma, Supernus, Tabuk, Takeda, Teva, TERRAN, Tolmar, Vertex, Viatris and Xenon Pharmaceuticals. He provided expert testimony for Janssen, Lundbeck, Neurocrine and Otsuka. He served on a Data Safety Monitoring Board for Compass Pathways, IntraCellular Therapies, Relmada, Reviva and ROVI. He has received grant support from Boehringer-Ingelheim, Janssen and Takeda. He received royalties from UpToDate and is also a stock option or stock holder of Cardio Diagnostics, Küleon Biosciences, LB Pharmaceuticals, MedLink Global, Mindpax, Quantic and TERRAN. The other authors declare no competing interests.

Peer review information

Nature Mental Health thanks Xianwen Shang and the other, anonymous reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.

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